快三官方 - （中国）维基百科

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

福建尤溪：“国家级制种大县”种粮户的致富经******

　　(新春走基层)福建尤溪：“国家级制种大县”种粮户的致富经

　　中新网三明1月19日电 (雷朝良 吴振湖)“现在对田地的利用越来越合理，我们也更快增收致富。”在福建省三明市尤溪县洋中镇后楼村纵横交错的阡陌之间，种粮户郑仁胜用脚踩了踩松软的田地，毫不费力就踩出一个深深的脚印。

　　“田跟人一样，都需要休息。”郑仁胜望着他流转来的50亩田地，若有所思。春节将至，正是农闲时节，他每年在田里收获两茬，这几个月准备让这些田休息休息。

　　说起一年来的收获，郑仁胜难掩心中的喜悦：“头茬种烟，收入34万元，二茬水稻制种，收入15.9万元。两茬加起来扣除田租、农资等能有20多万元纯收入。”

　　郑仁胜今年52岁，种粮20多年，但从事水稻制种才5个年头，一些技术细节还没掌握到位，“我家去年平均每亩才产水稻种子1750公斤，隔壁老曾家每亩达到了2500公斤，产量的提升空间还很大。”郑仁胜说，现在他对“藏粮于地，藏粮于技”的理解更加深刻了，来年他要再跟老曾比一比产量，同时为尤溪这个“国家级制种大县”做出自己的贡献。2022年，尤溪全县制种面积达到33458.6亩，产量740万公斤，产值1.05亿元。

　　“走，我带你去个地方！”郑仁胜神秘地领着记者，不一会儿来到村口的一处斜坡上。原来这里是村里的新型烤房集群，偌大的一个集群由98个拆装式轻钢保温结构密集式烤房组成，每个烤房至少可以管20亩烟田的烘烤。

　　“原来用煤烤烟，不仅是技术活、还是体力活，每隔两小时就要加一次煤，每次都弄得一身煤灰，而且每天晚上都要守在烤房边上。”郑仁胜说，现在的新型烤房改用生物质燃料烤烟，能够自动加料，而且还配备了“手机云烘烤”功能，用手机就可以控制烤房的温湿度，“躺着”就可以把烟烤好，省心省力、轻松干净。

　　据了解，新型烤房集群由村里的合作社统一建设管理，提高了利用率，还在顶上安装了光伏太阳能板，与光伏企业合作运营，增加了村财收入。

　　“目前这个烤房集群为全省最大，光伏顶棚的光伏利用面积达11500平方米，装机容量2148千瓦。仅光伏发电一项，就为村财增收了25万元。”后楼村党总支书记林城跟记者算了一笔账，与光伏企业按照3:1的比例投资收益，1个烤房每年按2000元的价格租给农户，整个烤房集群为村财增收近45万元。

　　据悉，2021年至2022年，尤溪县共新建453座密集式烤房，带动烟叶增产120万公斤，烟农收入增加5500万元、税收增加1200多万元，烟农户均增收4.7万元。

　　新的一年，郑仁胜打算用上有机肥和微量元素更好地涵养田地，种出更好的庄稼。“现在国家的支持力度越来越大，庄稼的品种越来越好、加工工艺越来越先进，只要我们勤快点、努力点，日子就会越有奔头。”郑仁胜乐呵呵地说。(完)

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）